Updating of phytonematological situation of potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Cuba
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Abstract
In Cuba several species of phytonematodes associated with potato crop have been reported, some related to damages, but the last reports date from the late 1980s. The purpose of this work was to provide an update on the nematological situation on potato in the main producer provinces. A total of 580 samples were analyzed in the Provincial Laboratories of Vegetable Health, as part of the Phytonematodes Defense Program surveys, in the provinces with higher seed volumes (Artemisa, Mayabeque, Matanzas, Cienfuegos y Ciego de Avila) during the period 2006-2016. The nematodes were identified by morphological criteria and their frequency of appearance was determined. The susceptibility to Meloidogyne incognita and M. arenaria species of the potato varieties Atlantic, Call White, Chieftain, Red Pontiac, Romano, Santana and Spunta were tested. Eleven genera were identified Aphelenchoides, Cactodera, Criconemoides, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne, Nothotylenchus, Pratylenchus, Quinisulcius, Rotylenchulus, Tylenchorhynchus and Tylenchus, with a total of 16 species, which represented an increase of 7 species to the previous reports. The province of Artemisa presented the largest number of species. M. incognita and Meloidogyne sp. have been detected in all provinces, and were the only phytonematodes associated with visible damage in tubers and roots characterized by protuberances and aggregates respectively. The species of Helicotylenchus, Pratylenchus and Rotylenchulus, had a similar distribution to Meloidogyne in the provinces, but lower frequency of appearance. All potato varieties evaluated showed high susceptibility to M. incognita and M. arenaria.
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