Crazy top of maize caused by Sclerophthora macrospora in Cuba
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Abstract
In November 2011, in maize fields of El Salvador municipality, Guantánamo province, plants with proliferation of male inflorescence on which foliar structures were substituted by small, rolled and twisted leaves were detected. These plants also showed light green chlorotic streaks on true leaves. With the aim of identify the causal agent of this symptomatology, foliar samples were placed in humid chamber and incubated by 24 h at 25°C. Also, leaves with chlorotic streaks were sectioned, fragments were placed in tubes containing NaOH (5 %) and incubated at 60 ºC for 10 min. Decolorated leaf fragments were washed with distilled sterile water and mounted in slides for microscopic observation. No sporangia were detected on the samples leaves and on the leaf fragments placed in moistened chambers. However, in decolorated leaf fragments, rounded, pale yellow oospores with a diameter of 36-70 µm (average 53 µm), thick walls and granular center were detected. Samples symptoms and characteristics of the oospores agree with those described for Sclerophthora macrospora. This is the first report of crazy top of maize caused by S. macrospora in Cuba.
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