Effect of sieve number on banana (Musa AAA) root samples phytonematode revovery
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Abstract
Three experiments with 15 replicates each, were conducted to evaluated the effect of the sieve No. 325 (0,045 mm) on nematode recovery. Each experiment was repeated twice. Nematodes were extracted by the root maceration method with three different sieve arrangements for nematode recovery. In the first experiment the sieve arrangement was 0.25/0.106/0.045/0.038 mm, in the second was 0.25/0, 106/0, 045/0, 025 mm, and in the third was 0.25/0, 106/0, 045/0, 020 mm. Nematodes retained on sieves 0.045/0, 038 exp I, sieves 0.045/0.025 mm exp II, and sieves 0.045/0.020 mm exp III were collected and counted and the sum in both sieves was considered the potential nematode recovery. The number of Pratylenchus spp. (P = 0.1927) was similar between the 0.045 and 0.038 mm sieves while the number of R. similis (P < 0.0001), Helicotylenchus spp. (P = 0.0010), and total nematodes (P < 0.0001) was higher in the sieve of 0.045 mm. Pratylenchus spp. (P = 0.2040) and Meloidogyne spp. (P = 0.7384) counts were similar for the 0.045 and 0.025 mm sieves, with R. similis (P < 0.0001), Helicotylenchus spp. (P < 0.0040) and total nematodes (P < 0.0001) numbers were higher in the sieve of 0.045 mm. Counts of Pratylenchus spp. (P = 0.5560), Helicotylenchus spp. (P = 0.6038) and Meloidogyne spp. (P = 0.2717) were similar for the sieve of 0.045 and 0.020 mm. Radopholus similis (P < 0.0001) and total nematodes (P < 0.0001) numbers were higher in the sieve of 0.045 mm compared to the 0.020 mm sieve. Laboratories that use the sieve of 0.045 mm opennings to separate root debri and soil particles would affect severely nematode population estimation since that sieve retained 59-80 % of Pratylenchus spp., 40-89 % of Meloidogyne, 52-72 % of Helicotylenchus spp. and more than 61 % of the R. similis and total nematodes that potentially could be recovered in the 0.038, 0.025 and 0.020 mm sieves. Similarly, laboratories that use the sieve of 0.045 mm at the end to recover nematodes, also would affect nematode population estimations, since the use of sieve openings of 0.038, 0.025 and 0.020 mm under the sieve of 0.045 mm showed that all nematode genus evaluated passed it. Taken decisions for nematode management base on counts recovered from the sieve No. 325 or No. 400 and No. 500 that includes the sieve No. 325 in their arrangement to separate root dibri and soil particles, would report very low nematode populations resulting in underestimation of the real population asuming ausence of crop damage, when it really can exist, ending in economic losses.
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