Chemical control of nematodes on banana (Musa AAA) plants cultivated in pots
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Abstract
In two experiments in greenhouse conditions using a complete randomized design with 6 replicates was evaluated fenamiphos, ethoprophos and oxamyl on banana (Musa AAA cv. Grande Naine) root nematode control in plants cultivated in pots filled with un-sterilized soil from a commercial banana plantation infested with nematodes. Twenty-five days after plant sowing, the in vitro plants were inoculated with 509 ± 47 Radopholus similis (Cobb 1893, Thorne 1949). Nematicides were applied in drench with a 100 mg L-1 (ppm) concentration using 100 mL of solution per pot at 48 days after nematode inoculation. Thirty eighty days after treatment application, plants were harvested, and vegetative variables and nematode numbers recorded. No interaction in the population of any nematode (p > 0.1534) was observed between experiments, then data was gathered and analyzed together. With exception of Meloidogyne spp. (p = 0.7257), where its population was very low in all treatments, all three nematicides reduced Pratylenchus spp. between 86 to 87 % (p = 0.0258), Helicotylenchus spp. from 76 to 85 % (p < 0.0001), R. similis by 43 to 61 % (p < 0.0001) and total nematodes between 58 to 66 % (p < 0.0001). Consistent with the nematode control, ethoprophos and fenamiphos increased (p = 0.0027) root weight by 44 and 54 %, respectively, ethoprophos increased (p = 0.0003) foliage weight by 26 % and the three nematicides increased the number of leaves per plant (p = 0.0026) between 13 to 19 % and pseudostem diameter (p = 0.0004) from 13 to 20 %. For nematode control, the three nematicides were equally effective and could be applied irrespectively.
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